How to Survive in the Wilderness for Dirt Cheap
So I’m super into wilderness backpacking and survivalist skills. Have been since I was a teen and too broke to buy a tent. Nowadays, I’ve tried all the fancy gear there is. And holy shit the marketing that says you need all sorts of expensive gear to go backpacking or survive in the woods? Total bullshit.
So I thought I’d post a guide to the REAL essentials, in case it’d help anyone who wants / needs to sleep outdoors for as cheap as possible.
My advice is more tailored for someone on-the-go like if you’re thru-hiking or moving camp often. So I’m prioritizing lightweight and compact gear.
And I’m from the Northeast US, so this post is focused on the 25-90°F temp range, in a wooded area with water, and a lower fire risk. If you’re looking for advice for somewhere else - hmu! I’ve road tripped the whole US with just a tent, done everything from deep snow to Death Valley, and probably have some budget tips for your climate!
Sleeping Bag ($10-$30)
OK, this one is really important, it makes such a difference compared to a blanket, and can be lifesaving. If you get nothing else, get this and a tarp.
Go on Craigslist or Facebook Marketplace, you can find one for $10-30. You want to look for one that’s kinda cocoon-shaped, with a pocket to put your head in.
NOT rectangular because those are usually shit, don’t cover your head, and won’t keep you warm. And if you can, find one with a temperature rating maybe 10° colder than the coldest temperature you’ll be sleeping in. It’s a comfort rating tho - so you can go below it and live.
You’ll also need a way to keep it dry when you’re not using it. A heavy duty trash bag works. You can also get waterproof stuff sacks that I think are worth it if you will be packing and unpacking often.
Also a quick way to make any sleeping bag more compact and light if you’re short? Cut off the excess at the end and sew it shut. It’ll also be warmer because you won’t have a pocket of cold at the end where your feet don’t reach. And if you’re crafty, you could make a warm vest, hat, or booties with the leftover bits.
Shelter ($10 - $60) :
For shelter, you can go with a few options, I’ll start with the cheapest:
- Tarp and rope ($10-$20)- Get a large tarp that can cover you plus at least 4 feet in every direction. Then hang it over a rope like so, staking the corners into the ground with metal stakes or sticks. If it’s windy, put the broad side of the shelter to the wind to keep warm inside. If you have two tarps, you can put the second on the ground to keep your “tent” dry and clean inside. Make sure the floor tarp doesn’t extend out past the roof tarp or it will fill with water in the rain.
- Tarp, hammock, and rope - Set up the tarp diagonally over your hammock. You can get a hammock for like $10-$15 on Amazon or craigslist, look for one that packs into a small bag. This is way comfier and less spidery than sleeping on the ground.
- Backpacking Tent - These are the most expensive option but the best for bad weather. You can get these for $40-$60 on Facebook marketplace or Craigslist, look for one that packs down into a very small bag if you want a legit one. You want one with hollow metal poles, not fiberglass. A tent will be way more comfortable if you’re somewhere windy, rainy, or cold, and will protect you better than a tarp. Smaller ones will be way warmer because your body heat will fill them quickly.
- If you have a tarp and a tent, you can hang the tarp a foot over the tent for extra protection and thermal insulation in heavy rain, wind, or snow. This is a good way to make a lighter 3-season tent usable in the winter or bad storms.
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Eagle Scout from the Midwest here (and to clarify bc that leads to certain assumptions, pronouns she/her), this is all super legit advice, and I second just about all of it. You can start fires any number of ways, although lighters are probably the easiest way (personal preference for the long bois but literally any lighter will do you). A flint and steel set (or just flint if you’ve got a knife) is also pretty solid, and probably decently cheap, although likely more expensive than a cigarette lighter. You can also use a 9V battery and some steel wool if you want to be fun, but again, likely not super economical. Fire by friction is doable, and I keep a kit in my camping gear, but DO NOT rely on it. If you don’t know what you’re doing I really wouldn’t bother. It’s hard.
Wool Socks. Accept no substitute. They are so, so, so worth it, especially if you think you might get your feet wet.
Seriously no canned goods they suck balls. Instant foods are perfectly fine for backpacking, but if you aren’t backpacking and can carry excess weight in food, bring the stuff to make something a little fancier - even if it’s not much, just y'know, not college food - can help your mood out. Fancier stuff is harder with backpacking - remember, you’re carrying all your shit everywhere, and stuff is heavy - but small treats can go a long way.
Something to do is essential. If you’re with a group, bring playing cards. I like to play cribbage a lot, but that also requires a board and pegs, which is more weight. Books are great, but I wouldn’t recommend reading and hiking.
Headlight over flashlight, ngl. Having two hands free, especially if you’re on your own is very nice. Taping a flashlight to a hat should work just fine, although I might recommend taping it to the side of the hat, for weight reasons.
You can make like backpacking cook stoves from scavenged household items I’m 90% sure, but I don’t remember exactly how, so take that with some extra salt.
Sunscreen. And a good hat. Especially if you’re out on the water for whatever reason.
Trail mix is nice, you can make a decent batch with Cheerios or Cheerio adjacent cereal, raisins, optional nut of preference, and chocolate candy of preference. I like m&m’s and/or Reese’s pieces. Protein bars are also a banger, and I’m a sucker for jerky.
Some way of maintaining charge on your phone. You seriously want to be able to make contact with your folks at all times. ALWAYS ALWAYS ALWAYS make sure at least one person knows where you’re going, what you’re doing, when you’re doing it, when you’re supposed to check in with them, and when you’re supposed to get back. The quicker people figure out something’s wrong, the better your chances. Give someone a route plan.
Have a map and compass, and know how to use them!!!! It might feel silly with our cell service and gps, but it’s really important to prevent getting lost and help your safety on longer trips. (And I would put the map in like a plastic sleeve or ziplock baggie or smth)
I really really recommend a multi-tool like a swiss army knife. You need a knife of some kind, but a multi-tool has other useful stuff in it
Duct tape. All hail the duct tape.
Paracord. It’s useful as shit, especially if you’re hammocking. If you’re relying on a hammock, you might not always be able to find two trees in the right spacing within the area you’ve set up camp in, and Paracord is great for that, especially if your hammock is weird and or has short straps.
Omg thanks for the added tips! You’re so right about all of it!
I so agree about the wool socks, I only got them a few years into backpacking and they made alll the difference.
And I’ve been meaning to get a good headlight - I’ve been more in the habit of putting my flashlight upside down on my water bottle to make a lantern since I love chilling in the near dark and letting my eyes adjust to the firelight. But I’ve also chipped a tooth walking around with a flashlight between my teeth soooo
I second the sunscreen, I like these or these solid sunscreen sticks since they’re all sunscreen, no water, and way lighter to carry! Plus bug spray for ticks and mosquitoes (I like bringing a tiny perfume-decanter bottle of either pure citronella oil, or pure DEET oil, it’s so concentrated that a little bit works wonders!)
And you’ve got me thinking of backpacking treats haha! These are my faves:
- Loads of spices and seasonings!
- Candy bars (super good crushed up and melted into instant oats)
- Foraged herbs (wild onion and dandelion leaves are easy to learn to ID) in instant soup or mashed potatoes
- Foraged berries and flowers (raspberries, blueberries, blackberries, dandelion and violet flowers are easy to ID too) they’re soo good added into a cup of herbal tea or in breakfast oats
- Instant grits with those butter packets from fast food places
- Really any sauces or flavoring packets you can get from fast food places - I miss variety in my food and finding a random relish or bbq sauce packet has definitely made my day. I’ll literally collect them for camping trips.
- S'mores (duhh)
- Cured sausage (really good cooked over a fire)
- Babybel mini cheese wheels. They’re supposed to be refrigerated but they last a few days if it’s cold. They’re so good melted into any rice or pasta. And the wax is a great fire starter. Also any kind of hard cheese, it’ll last longer than you might think outside.
- Instant hot cocoa (+whiskey if you like)
- “just add water” bread dough - A German friend taught me this one, it’s a tradition there to make campfire bread with little kids (they call it kinderbrot - literally kid’s bread, and despite being a bit too old for it? I’m obsessed) I use this recipe, subbing out milk for powered milk, and pre-mixing the dry ingredients. Then to cook it, you just put some water and olive oil in the ziplock of dry ingredients, let it sit to rise a bit, and then wrap the dough around a stick to roast on the fire.
- Other options for the dough if you have time to kill and want to get fancy: frying it in oil and spices in the pot to make greasy dough balls / wrapping it around salami and cheese and cooking that to make savory pastries / stuffing it with cheese or sweets like foraged berries and chocolate or marshmallows and setting it to bake in the radiant heat. And probably more if you’re creative lol.
- On the topic of dough: pancake batter and takeout packets of maple syrup. (Or for a lighter option, brown sugar)
Omg I forgot about the phone charger! Sooooo important if you’re using your phone for GPS!
I personally don’t really use my phone on trips - I grew up backpacking well before I got my first, so I used to only have paper maps, and had to literally meet up with my emergency contacts at a set time and place lol. And even now? I still kinda love disconnecting and using paper maps.
Plus, most places I go, there’s fuck-all cell service so I’ve never felt like I could count on my phone in an emergency - last time I got in some trouble, I literally had to hike miles, then hitchhike half an hour, to even get a bar to make a call. Still didn’t get data. Other times shit went south? Had to haul ass to back my car, and drive for a while to get coverage. I’ve been in the habit of keeping my phone off the entire time, to save battery for if I need it - but assuming I’d have a long hike and maybe drive or hitchhike ahead of me to actually get somewhere I could use it. The only times I’ve really used my phone on trips was when I wanted to quickly double check my navigation from the paper map if I was a little lost.
But anyway I always I’d caution ppl against expecting their phones will work at all - and reccomend always having a backup plan so you’re not relying on your phone. On top of generally not having service, I’ve dealt with my phones crapping out from high humidity, not turning on because of the cold, shutting off because of the heat, getting broken because I’m a clumsy dumbass, not getting a GPS fix (turns out GPS never worked on it, it just looked like it did in the city when it was triangulating cell towers to get my location lol) and I was always glad to have other maps. Maybe this is just the cynical engineer in me? But I don’t trust tech for shit.
Still it can’t hurt to bring the phone and a charging brick - if not for service at least for GPS! I always bring both in a waterproof bag! But I’m seriously thinking of getting a satellite beacon this year because that’d actually have reliable coverage and I’d be (hopefully) less likely to destroy it lol.
(P.s. extra note on maps - I reccomend at least tripling up on paper maps. I put a map in every jacket or pants pocket so it’s pretty impossible to lose them all, and if there are different maps of the same place, with different features, I’ll bring both. Plus I like laminating them with packing tape so they’re waterproof. It may be overkill to have like 5 on me but maps are light - and I like having plenty to give away, I’ve met so many people who’ve gotten lost!)
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